master-cooks | The Shaky Origin Story Of The Monte Cristo Sandwich

The Monte Cristo sandwich, a savory and sweet concoction, has a murky and debated history. Often considered a variation of the classic French croque-monsieur, its origins are not clearly defined, with several theories swirling around. Some food historians believe the sandwich emerged in the United States during the 1930s, possibly as a result of culinary experimentation in diners and cafes. It gained popularity in the 1950s and 1960s, especially in Southern California, where it was featured on the menu of Disneyland’s Blue Bayou restaurant in New Orleans Square, further cementing its place in American cuisine. The sandwich typically consists of turkey, ham, and cheese, usually Swiss, layered between slices of bread, which is then dipped in egg batter and fried until golden brown. It is often dusted with powdered sugar and served with a side of jam or preserves, adding to its unique blend of flavors. Despite its uncertain origin, the Monte Cristo remains a beloved dish, celebrated for its rich, indulgent taste and its ability to seamlessly blend sweet and savory elements. Its enigmatic history adds to its charm, making it a staple in diners and restaurants across the United States.

America's take on the French croque monsieur

Although the exact origin of the Monte Cristo remains a mystery, it likely has its beginnings in the French croque monsieur, a straightforward sandwich made with ham and Gruyère cheese, topped with béchamel sauce. This sandwich made its debut in Parisian cafés around 1910 and has led to several variations, such as the croque madame, which features an egg on top, and the indulgent Portuguese francesinha, served in a tomato-and-beer sauce. In contrast to its Parisian counterpart, the Monte Cristo is dipped in beaten egg and typically includes sliced meats like turkey.

Once the sandwich gained popularity in the United States, various regional adaptations emerged. Many enthusiasts of the Monte Cristo argue that it should be accompanied by raspberry jam or preserves (though other berries can be used) and lightly dusted with sugar to complement its savory elements with a touch of sweetness. Whether or not you view the turkey and sugar as essential components, any version of the sandwich is distinctly American, even if its peculiar name remains unexplained. Ultimately, there is scant evidence linking it to either the ghost town of Monte Cristo in Washington or Alexandre Dumas' "The Count of Monte Cristo," both of which are frequently cited as potential inspirations.

The Shaky Origin Story Of The Monte Cristo Sandwich

America's take on the French croque monsieur

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