Why Ketchup Was Once Called Catsup

The condiment known today as ketchup has a history that stretches back several centuries, with its name reflecting its complex journey. Originally, the term "ketchup" is believed to have been derived from the Chinese word "ke-tsiap," which referred to a fermented fish sauce. This sauce traveled through Southeast Asia, where it was adapted by various cultures. When it reached Europe in the 17th century, British traders encountered it and began to create their own versions, often using ingredients such as mushrooms, anchovies, and walnuts. The term "catsup" emerged as an Anglicized variant of "ke-tsiap" or "ketchup," reflecting these early adaptations. In the United States during the 19th century, the term "catsup" became popularized as an alternative spelling, largely used interchangeably with "ketchup." However, as tomato-based recipes became the standard in America, "ketchup" gradually became the more prevalent spelling. The shift was cemented when major producers like the H.J. Heinz Company adopted "ketchup" on their product labels, influencing consumer preferences and standardizing the term. Today, while "catsup" is still recognized, "ketchup" is the more commonly used term, a testament to the evolving nature of language and culinary practices. This history highlights how the condiment has adapted and transformed across different cultures and eras, culminating in the beloved tomato-based sauce known worldwide.